How to Make a Compass to Determine Directions in a Favorable Environment
It is possible to determine north, south, east, and west directions without a compass or directional tool. An ancient and simple method involves using shadows to find directions. Below is a step-by-step guide to creating a simple compass:
Materials Needed:
A stick approximately 90 centimeters long
Two small stones or any other markers
An open area with direct sunlight
Steps:
1. Place the Stick:
Place a stick about 90 centimeters long upright in the ground in an open area where sunlight falls clearly. Ensure the stick is straight and firmly placed so that it casts a shadow.
2. Mark the First Shadow:
Mark the tip of the stick's shadow with a small stone. This is the first shadow mark, which will shift throughout the day depending on the sun's position.
3. Wait:
Wait for 10 to 15 minutes. During this time, the sun will move slightly across the sky, causing the shadow to shift.
4. Mark the Second Shadow:
After some time, observe the new tip of the stick's shadow and place a second stone to mark its new position. This is the second shadow mark.
5. Draw a Line:
Draw a straight line connecting the first stone and the second stone. This line represents the east-west direction.
6. Determine Directions:
Stand with your left foot on the first stone and your right foot on the second stone. Facing this way, you will be looking north.
Explanation of Direction Determination:
The first shadow mark always falls west, and the second mark always points east, regardless of location on Earth.
This method relies on the sun's path, as the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
This technique has been used since ancient times, when people relied on natural methods for navigation. It is a simple, effective, and scientific approach that can still be applied today, especially when a compass or technology is unavailable.